Data exploration Student's interations

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	26
Number of observations	29228
Missing cells	0
Missing cells (%)	0.0%
Duplicate rows	0
Duplicate rows (%)	0.0%
Total size in memory	5.8 MiB
Average record size in memory	208.0 B

Variable types

NUM	23
CAT	3

Reproduction

Analysis started	2020-05-17 22:15:37.640080
Analysis finished	2020-05-17 22:17:08.370283
Duration	1 minute and 30.73 seconds
Version	pandas-profiling v2.8.0
Command line	`pandas_profiling --config_file config.yaml [YOUR_FILE.csv]`
Download configuration	config.yaml

Warnings

`resource` is highly skewed (γ1 = 34.11749712)	Skewed
`sharedsubpage` is highly skewed (γ1 = 26.4236421)	Skewed
`glossary` is highly skewed (γ1 = 45.10423591)	Skewed
`ID` has unique values	Unique
`url` has 5327 (18.2%) zeros	Zeros
`forumng` has 3222 (11.0%) zeros	Zeros
`oucontent` has 2306 (7.9%) zeros	Zeros
`subpage` has 1018 (3.5%) zeros	Zeros
`resource` has 1632 (5.6%) zeros	Zeros
`sharedsubpage` has 29100 (99.6%) zeros	Zeros
`page` has 20500 (70.1%) zeros	Zeros
`questionnaire` has 24717 (84.6%) zeros	Zeros
`ouwiki` has 18612 (63.7%) zeros	Zeros
`htmlactivity` has 27310 (93.4%) zeros	Zeros
`ouelluminate` has 26727 (91.4%) zeros	Zeros
`dataplus` has 26518 (90.7%) zeros	Zeros
`externalquiz` has 24346 (83.3%) zeros	Zeros
`dualpane` has 25521 (87.3%) zeros	Zeros
`quiz` has 9255 (31.7%) zeros	Zeros
`glossary` has 23192 (79.3%) zeros	Zeros
`oucollaborate` has 18338 (62.7%) zeros	Zeros
`folder` has 27294 (93.4%) zeros	Zeros
`acumneg` has 5419 (18.5%) zeros	Zeros
`acumg` has 728 (2.5%) zeros	Zeros

ID
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

UNIQUE

Distinct count	29228
Unique (%)	100.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	14614.5
Minimum	1
Maximum	29228
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	228.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	1462.35
Q1	7307.75
median	14614.5
Q3	21921.25
95-th percentile	27766.65
Maximum	29228
Range	29227
Interquartile range (IQR)	14613.5

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	8437.54117
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.5773403928
Kurtosis	-1.2
Mean	14614.5
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	7307
Skewness	0
Sum	427152606
Variance	71192101

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2047	1	< 0.1%
27943	1	< 0.1%
7465	1	< 0.1%
1322	1	< 0.1%
3371	1	< 0.1%
13612	1	< 0.1%
15661	1	< 0.1%
9518	1	< 0.1%
11567	1	< 0.1%
21824	1	< 0.1%
Other values (29218)	29218	> 99.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1	< 0.1%
2	1	< 0.1%
3	1	< 0.1%
4	1	< 0.1%
5	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
29228	1	< 0.1%
29227	1	< 0.1%
29226	1	< 0.1%
29225	1	< 0.1%
29224	1	< 0.1%

id_student
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	26074
Unique (%)	89.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	708336.6842069249
Minimum	6516
Maximum	2698588
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	228.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	6516
5-th percentile	188662
Q1	507576.75
median	589828
Q3	643706.75
95-th percentile	2343321.6
Maximum	2698588
Range	2692072
Interquartile range (IQR)	136130

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	551736.1606
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.7789179537
Kurtosis	5.076283735
Mean	708336.6842
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	62186
Skewness	2.432367105
Sum	2.070326461e+10
Variance	3.044127909e+11

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
584077	5	< 0.1%
279883	4	< 0.1%
546400	4	< 0.1%
610287	4	< 0.1%
587122	4	< 0.1%
2681198	4	< 0.1%
2046628	4	< 0.1%
591655	4	< 0.1%
585769	4	< 0.1%
616407	4	< 0.1%
Other values (26064)	29187	99.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
6516	1	< 0.1%
8462	2	< 0.1%
11391	1	< 0.1%
23629	1	< 0.1%
23698	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2698588	1	< 0.1%
2698577	1	< 0.1%
2698535	2	< 0.1%
2698257	1	< 0.1%
2698251	1	< 0.1%

code_module
Categorical

Distinct count	7
Unique (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	228.3 KiB

FFF	7092
BBB	6622
DDD	5745
CCC	3983
EEE	2685
Other values (2)	3101

Common Values
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
FFF	7092	24.3%
BBB	6622	22.7%
DDD	5745	19.7%
CCC	3983	13.6%
EEE	2685	9.2%
GGG	2366	8.1%
AAA	735	2.5%

Length

Max length	3
Median length	3
Mean length	3
Min length	3

code_presentation
Categorical

Distinct count	4
Unique (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	228.3 KiB

2014J	10143
2013J	7973
2014B	6851
2013B	4261

Common Values
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2014J	10143	34.7%
2013J	7973	27.3%
2014B	6851	23.4%
2013B	4261	14.6%

Length

Max length	5
Median length	5
Mean length	5
Min length	5

url
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct count	286
Unique (%)	1.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	19.389010537840427
Minimum	0
Maximum	2134
Zeros	5327
Zeros (%)	18.2%
Memory size	228.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	1
median	8
Q3	25
95-th percentile	73
Maximum	2134
Range	2134
Interquartile range (IQR)	24

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	36.1435633
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.864126239
Kurtosis	487.719713
Mean	19.38901054
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	8
Skewness	12.81062969
Sum	566702
Variance	1306.357168

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	5327	18.2%
1	2025	6.9%
2	1669	5.7%
3	1412	4.8%
4	1198	4.1%
5	1034	3.5%
6	890	3.0%
7	831	2.8%
8	770	2.6%
9	667	2.3%
Other values (276)	13405	45.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	5327	18.2%
1	2025	6.9%
2	1669	5.7%
3	1412	4.8%
4	1198	4.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2134	1	< 0.1%
966	1	< 0.1%
933	1	< 0.1%
830	1	< 0.1%
820	1	< 0.1%

forumng
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct count	2088
Unique (%)	7.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	272.799712604352
Minimum	0
Maximum	13154
Zeros	3222
Zeros (%)	11.0%
Memory size	228.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	17
median	93
Q3	288
95-th percentile	1047
Maximum	13154
Range	13154
Interquartile range (IQR)	271

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	597.674199
Coefficient of variation (CV)	2.190890135
Kurtosis	76.44470754
Mean	272.7997126
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	90
Skewness	7.028584588
Sum	7973390
Variance	357214.4482

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	3222	11.0%
2	371	1.3%
3	363	1.2%
1	361	1.2%
4	310	1.1%
6	284	1.0%
7	280	1.0%
5	279	1.0%
8	243	0.8%
9	242	0.8%
Other values (2078)	23273	79.6%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	3222	11.0%
1	361	1.2%
2	371	1.3%
3	363	1.2%
4	310	1.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
13154	1	< 0.1%
11465	1	< 0.1%
11344	1	< 0.1%
10555	1	< 0.1%
10483	1	< 0.1%

homepage
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	1515
Unique (%)	5.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	237.75366087313535
Minimum	0
Maximum	7277
Zeros	43
Zeros (%)	0.1%
Memory size	228.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	7
Q1	55
median	144
Q3	304
95-th percentile	765.65
Maximum	7277
Range	7277
Interquartile range (IQR)	249

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	320.2205552
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.346858568
Kurtosis	56.16182765
Mean	237.7536609
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	106
Skewness	5.259805064
Sum	6949064
Variance	102541.204

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	285	1.0%
2	230	0.8%
3	221	0.8%
4	203	0.7%
6	202	0.7%
5	180	0.6%
8	171	0.6%
18	162	0.6%
10	156	0.5%
12	155	0.5%
Other values (1505)	27263	93.3%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	43	0.1%
1	285	1.0%
2	230	0.8%
3	221	0.8%
4	203	0.7%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
7277	1	< 0.1%
7059	1	< 0.1%
6591	1	< 0.1%
5548	1	< 0.1%
5012	1	< 0.1%

oucontent
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct count	2685
Unique (%)	9.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	383.4269536061311
Minimum	0
Maximum	9308
Zeros	2306
Zeros (%)	7.9%
Memory size	228.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	16
median	106
Q3	445
95-th percentile	1734
Maximum	9308
Range	9308
Interquartile range (IQR)	429

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	657.4751602
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.714733808
Kurtosis	17.10923561
Mean	383.4269536
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	105
Skewness	3.330047564
Sum	11206803
Variance	432273.5863

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2306	7.9%
1	1121	3.8%
2	676	2.3%
3	395	1.4%
4	342	1.2%
5	259	0.9%
7	250	0.9%
6	232	0.8%
8	223	0.8%
10	216	0.7%
Other values (2675)	23208	79.4%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2306	7.9%
1	1121	3.8%
2	676	2.3%
3	395	1.4%
4	342	1.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
9308	1	< 0.1%
9154	1	< 0.1%
8328	1	< 0.1%
8314	1	< 0.1%
7906	1	< 0.1%

subpage
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct count	944
Unique (%)	3.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	116.72307376488298
Minimum	0
Maximum	4345
Zeros	1018
Zeros (%)	3.5%
Memory size	228.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	1
Q1	17
median	52
Q3	155
95-th percentile	436
Maximum	4345
Range	4345
Interquartile range (IQR)	138

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	163.768722
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.403053541
Kurtosis	31.36149977
Mean	116.7230738
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	44
Skewness	3.54466691
Sum	3411582
Variance	26820.19429

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1018	3.5%
1	532	1.8%
2	461	1.6%
3	428	1.5%
5	410	1.4%
4	398	1.4%
8	391	1.3%
11	378	1.3%
6	377	1.3%
12	356	1.2%
Other values (934)	24479	83.8%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1018	3.5%
1	532	1.8%
2	461	1.6%
3	428	1.5%
4	398	1.4%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4345	1	< 0.1%
2853	1	< 0.1%
2688	1	< 0.1%
2438	1	< 0.1%
1939	1	< 0.1%

resource
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

SKEWED
ZEROS

Distinct count	390
Unique (%)	1.3%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	37.98179827562611
Minimum	0
Maximum	5147
Zeros	1632
Zeros (%)	5.6%
Memory size	228.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	9
median	23
Q3	48
95-th percentile	120
Maximum	5147
Range	5147
Interquartile range (IQR)	39

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	72.71907491
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.914576935
Kurtosis	2007.3934
Mean	37.98179828
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	17
Skewness	34.11749712
Sum	1110132
Variance	5288.063856

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1632	5.6%
1	782	2.7%
2	734	2.5%
3	715	2.4%
5	703	2.4%
4	686	2.3%
8	648	2.2%
7	629	2.2%
6	629	2.2%
11	605	2.1%
Other values (380)	21465	73.4%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1632	5.6%
1	782	2.7%
2	734	2.5%
3	715	2.4%
4	686	2.3%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
5147	1	< 0.1%
4562	1	< 0.1%
4546	1	< 0.1%
2808	1	< 0.1%
2281	1	< 0.1%

sharedsubpage
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

SKEWED
ZEROS

Distinct count	7
Unique (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.005850554263035446
Minimum	0
Maximum	6
Zeros	29100
Zeros (%)	99.6%
Memory size	228.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	0
Q3	0
95-th percentile	0
Maximum	6
Range	6
Interquartile range (IQR)	0

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.1029884248
Coefficient of variation (CV)	17.60319111
Kurtosis	972.6106267
Mean	0.005850554263
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	26.4236421
Sum	171
Variance	0.01060661564

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	29100	99.6%
1	101	0.3%
2	18	0.1%
3	5	< 0.1%
4	2	< 0.1%
6	1	< 0.1%
5	1	< 0.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	29100	99.6%
1	101	0.3%
2	18	0.1%
3	5	< 0.1%
4	2	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
6	1	< 0.1%
5	1	< 0.1%
4	2	< 0.1%
3	5	< 0.1%
2	18	0.1%

page
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct count	65
Unique (%)	0.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	2.1770562474339674
Minimum	0
Maximum	334
Zeros	20500
Zeros (%)	70.1%
Memory size	228.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	0
Q3	1
95-th percentile	13
Maximum	334
Range	334
Interquartile range (IQR)	1

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	5.671842702
Coefficient of variation (CV)	2.605280736
Kurtosis	418.6481782
Mean	2.177056247
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	10.21671403
Sum	63631
Variance	32.16979963

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	20500	70.1%
1	1593	5.5%
2	1130	3.9%
3	876	3.0%
4	674	2.3%
5	587	2.0%
6	501	1.7%
7	412	1.4%
8	368	1.3%
9	347	1.2%
Other values (55)	2240	7.7%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	20500	70.1%
1	1593	5.5%
2	1130	3.9%
3	876	3.0%
4	674	2.3%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
334	1	< 0.1%
76	1	< 0.1%
74	1	< 0.1%
69	2	< 0.1%
68	1	< 0.1%

questionnaire
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct count	66
Unique (%)	0.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	2.21582044614753
Minimum	0
Maximum	89
Zeros	24717
Zeros (%)	84.6%
Memory size	228.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	0
Q3	0
95-th percentile	15
Maximum	89
Range	89
Interquartile range (IQR)	0

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	7.102788535
Coefficient of variation (CV)	3.205489212
Kurtosis	19.30400564
Mean	2.215820446
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	4.174260002
Sum	64764
Variance	50.44960498

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	24717	84.6%
3	621	2.1%
9	361	1.2%
6	265	0.9%
4	238	0.8%
10	226	0.8%
12	210	0.7%
1	181	0.6%
11	165	0.6%
7	165	0.6%
Other values (56)	2079	7.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	24717	84.6%
1	181	0.6%
2	61	0.2%
3	621	2.1%
4	238	0.8%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
89	1	< 0.1%
65	1	< 0.1%
63	3	< 0.1%
62	1	< 0.1%
61	1	< 0.1%

ouwiki
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct count	631
Unique (%)	2.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	30.604625701382236
Minimum	0
Maximum	2117
Zeros	18612
Zeros (%)	63.7%
Memory size	228.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	0
Q3	17
95-th percentile	175
Maximum	2117
Range	2117
Interquartile range (IQR)	17

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	88.39370445
Coefficient of variation (CV)	2.888246545
Kurtosis	53.55285309
Mean	30.6046257
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	5.880454293
Sum	894512
Variance	7813.446986

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	18612	63.7%
1	524	1.8%
2	384	1.3%
3	295	1.0%
4	246	0.8%
5	202	0.7%
6	194	0.7%
9	162	0.6%
11	154	0.5%
8	154	0.5%
Other values (621)	8301	28.4%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	18612	63.7%
1	524	1.8%
2	384	1.3%
3	295	1.0%
4	246	0.8%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2117	1	< 0.1%
1637	1	< 0.1%
1449	1	< 0.1%
1383	1	< 0.1%
1217	1	< 0.1%

htmlactivity
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct count	26
Unique (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.3161009990420145
Minimum	0
Maximum	33
Zeros	27310
Zeros (%)	93.4%
Memory size	228.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	0
Q3	0
95-th percentile	3
Maximum	33
Range	33
Interquartile range (IQR)	0

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.452272632
Coefficient of variation (CV)	4.594331041
Kurtosis	59.56637104
Mean	0.316100999
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	6.473862594
Sum	9239
Variance	2.109095797

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	27310	93.4%
4	294	1.0%
3	292	1.0%
5	267	0.9%
2	253	0.9%
1	197	0.7%
6	178	0.6%
7	149	0.5%
8	86	0.3%
9	67	0.2%
Other values (16)	135	0.5%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	27310	93.4%
1	197	0.7%
2	253	0.9%
3	292	1.0%
4	294	1.0%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
33	1	< 0.1%
27	2	< 0.1%
25	1	< 0.1%
24	1	< 0.1%
23	2	< 0.1%

ouelluminate
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct count	124
Unique (%)	0.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	1.335294922676885
Minimum	0
Maximum	317
Zeros	26727
Zeros (%)	91.4%
Memory size	228.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	0
Q3	0
95-th percentile	5
Maximum	317
Range	317
Interquartile range (IQR)	0

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	7.783136242
Coefficient of variation (CV)	5.828776932
Kurtosis	200.9975985
Mean	1.335294923
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	11.07840602
Sum	39028
Variance	60.57720976

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	26727	91.4%
1	398	1.4%
2	263	0.9%
3	196	0.7%
4	119	0.4%
6	109	0.4%
5	102	0.3%
7	86	0.3%
9	75	0.3%
8	70	0.2%
Other values (114)	1083	3.7%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	26727	91.4%
1	398	1.4%
2	263	0.9%
3	196	0.7%
4	119	0.4%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
317	1	< 0.1%
176	1	< 0.1%
171	1	< 0.1%
166	1	< 0.1%
148	1	< 0.1%

dataplus
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct count	91
Unique (%)	0.3%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	1.6240591213904476
Minimum	0
Maximum	143
Zeros	26518
Zeros (%)	90.7%
Memory size	228.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	0
Q3	0
95-th percentile	11
Maximum	143
Range	143
Interquartile range (IQR)	0

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	7.06619635
Coefficient of variation (CV)	4.350947732
Kurtosis	50.90908322
Mean	1.624059121
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	6.202538697
Sum	47468
Variance	49.93113086

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	26518	90.7%
1	239	0.8%
3	133	0.5%
8	111	0.4%
5	109	0.4%
4	108	0.4%
6	107	0.4%
7	104	0.4%
10	97	0.3%
2	94	0.3%
Other values (81)	1608	5.5%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	26518	90.7%
1	239	0.8%
2	94	0.3%
3	133	0.5%
4	108	0.4%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
143	1	< 0.1%
133	1	< 0.1%
105	1	< 0.1%
104	1	< 0.1%
102	1	< 0.1%

externalquiz
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct count	104
Unique (%)	0.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	2.1996715478308473
Minimum	0
Maximum	340
Zeros	24346
Zeros (%)	83.3%
Memory size	228.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	0
Q3	0
95-th percentile	14
Maximum	340
Range	340
Interquartile range (IQR)	0

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	8.483000249
Coefficient of variation (CV)	3.856484963
Kurtosis	193.9756966
Mean	2.199671548
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	9.19133868
Sum	64292
Variance	71.96129322

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	24346	83.3%
1	644	2.2%
2	457	1.6%
3	370	1.3%
4	339	1.2%
5	246	0.8%
6	232	0.8%
7	190	0.7%
8	168	0.6%
9	159	0.5%
Other values (94)	2077	7.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	24346	83.3%
1	644	2.2%
2	457	1.6%
3	370	1.3%
4	339	1.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
340	1	< 0.1%
316	1	< 0.1%
169	1	< 0.1%
164	1	< 0.1%
131	1	< 0.1%

repeatactivity
Categorical

Distinct count	4
Unique (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	228.3 KiB

0	29225
4	1
3	1
2	1

Common Values
Length

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	29225	> 99.9%
4	1	< 0.1%
3	1	< 0.1%
2	1	< 0.1%

Length

Max length	1
Median length	1
Mean length	1
Min length	1

dualpane
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct count	43
Unique (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.7087724100177911
Minimum	0
Maximum	68
Zeros	25521
Zeros (%)	87.3%
Memory size	228.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	0
Q3	0
95-th percentile	5
Maximum	68
Range	68
Interquartile range (IQR)	0

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	2.779416094
Coefficient of variation (CV)	3.921450743
Kurtosis	59.66802631
Mean	0.70877241
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	6.412489029
Sum	20716
Variance	7.725153822

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	25521	87.3%
1	832	2.8%
2	595	2.0%
3	425	1.5%
4	321	1.1%
5	242	0.8%
6	205	0.7%
7	158	0.5%
8	147	0.5%
9	128	0.4%
Other values (33)	654	2.2%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	25521	87.3%
1	832	2.8%
2	595	2.0%
3	425	1.5%
4	321	1.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
68	1	< 0.1%
49	1	< 0.1%
46	1	< 0.1%
45	1	< 0.1%
44	1	< 0.1%

quiz
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct count	1905
Unique (%)	6.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	238.85452306007937
Minimum	0
Maximum	13032
Zeros	9255
Zeros (%)	31.7%
Memory size	228.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	75
Q3	215
95-th percentile	1032.65
Maximum	13032
Range	13032
Interquartile range (IQR)	215

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	466.344205
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.952419402
Kurtosis	69.23235049
Mean	238.8545231
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	75
Skewness	5.601032394
Sum	6981240
Variance	217476.9176

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	9255	31.7%
1	576	2.0%
2	276	0.9%
3	176	0.6%
74	138	0.5%
79	136	0.5%
80	134	0.5%
78	128	0.4%
75	123	0.4%
4	120	0.4%
Other values (1895)	18166	62.2%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	9255	31.7%
1	576	2.0%
2	276	0.9%
3	176	0.6%
4	120	0.4%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
13032	1	< 0.1%
11117	1	< 0.1%
10621	1	< 0.1%
8877	1	< 0.1%
7447	1	< 0.1%

glossary
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

SKEWED
ZEROS

Distinct count	198
Unique (%)	0.7%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	3.009511427398385
Minimum	0
Maximum	2952
Zeros	23192
Zeros (%)	79.3%
Memory size	228.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	0
Q3	0
95-th percentile	9
Maximum	2952
Range	2952
Interquartile range (IQR)	0

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	35.5740163
Coefficient of variation (CV)	11.82052873
Kurtosis	2836.156751
Mean	3.009511427
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	45.10423591
Sum	87962
Variance	1265.510636

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	23192	79.3%
1	1735	5.9%
2	907	3.1%
3	532	1.8%
4	423	1.4%
5	308	1.1%
6	231	0.8%
7	195	0.7%
8	162	0.6%
9	127	0.4%
Other values (188)	1416	4.8%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	23192	79.3%
1	1735	5.9%
2	907	3.1%
3	532	1.8%
4	423	1.4%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2952	1	< 0.1%
2480	1	< 0.1%
1364	1	< 0.1%
1316	1	< 0.1%
1213	1	< 0.1%

oucollaborate
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct count	141
Unique (%)	0.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	3.728411112631723
Minimum	0
Maximum	316
Zeros	18338
Zeros (%)	62.7%
Memory size	228.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	0
Q3	2
95-th percentile	20
Maximum	316
Range	316
Interquartile range (IQR)	2

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	10.952296
Coefficient of variation (CV)	2.937523699
Kurtosis	94.22130832
Mean	3.728411113
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	7.443874416
Sum	108974
Variance	119.9527877

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	18338	62.7%
1	2261	7.7%
2	1481	5.1%
3	962	3.3%
4	799	2.7%
5	593	2.0%
6	468	1.6%
7	391	1.3%
8	352	1.2%
9	327	1.1%
Other values (131)	3256	11.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	18338	62.7%
1	2261	7.7%
2	1481	5.1%
3	962	3.3%
4	799	2.7%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
316	1	< 0.1%
227	1	< 0.1%
224	1	< 0.1%
217	1	< 0.1%
193	2	< 0.1%

folder
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct count	14
Unique (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.18543862050088955
Minimum	0
Maximum	13
Zeros	27294
Zeros (%)	93.4%
Memory size	228.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	0
Q3	0
95-th percentile	2
Maximum	13
Range	13
Interquartile range (IQR)	0

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.8168789965
Coefficient of variation (CV)	4.405117954
Kurtosis	42.17703423
Mean	0.1854386205
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	5.740321519
Sum	5420
Variance	0.6672912949

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	27294	93.4%
2	584	2.0%
3	462	1.6%
1	397	1.4%
4	252	0.9%
5	122	0.4%
6	52	0.2%
7	31	0.1%
8	15	0.1%
10	5	< 0.1%
Other values (4)	14	< 0.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	27294	93.4%
1	397	1.4%
2	584	2.0%
3	462	1.6%
4	252	0.9%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
13	3	< 0.1%
12	2	< 0.1%
11	4	< 0.1%
10	5	< 0.1%
9	5	< 0.1%

acumneg
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct count	843
Unique (%)	2.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	73.48935951827015
Minimum	0
Maximum	3731
Zeros	5419
Zeros (%)	18.5%
Memory size	228.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	3
median	26
Q3	86
95-th percentile	303
Maximum	3731
Range	3731
Interquartile range (IQR)	83

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	134.4344008
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.829304293
Kurtosis	56.29471338
Mean	73.48935952
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	26
Skewness	5.327982656
Sum	2147947
Variance	18072.60813

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	5419	18.5%
1	864	3.0%
2	660	2.3%
3	541	1.9%
5	465	1.6%
4	464	1.6%
6	452	1.5%
7	450	1.5%
10	362	1.2%
8	359	1.2%
Other values (833)	19192	65.7%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	5419	18.5%
1	864	3.0%
2	660	2.3%
3	541	1.9%
4	464	1.6%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3731	1	< 0.1%
2809	1	< 0.1%
2188	1	< 0.1%
2135	1	< 0.1%
2121	1	< 0.1%

acumg
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct count	5224
Unique (%)	17.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	1281.5502942384014
Minimum	0
Maximum	23481
Zeros	728
Zeros (%)	2.5%
Memory size	228.3 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	10
Q1	232
median	688
Q3	1674.25
95-th percentile	4551.3
Maximum	23481
Range	23481
Interquartile range (IQR)	1442.25

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1661.558833
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.296522533
Kurtosis	14.30985597
Mean	1281.550294
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	562
Skewness	2.943557377
Sum	37457152
Variance	2760777.756

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	728	2.5%
1	121	0.4%
3	87	0.3%
6	78	0.3%
2	75	0.3%
5	73	0.2%
10	65	0.2%
7	62	0.2%
4	61	0.2%
8	60	0.2%
Other values (5214)	27818	95.2%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	728	2.5%
1	121	0.4%
2	75	0.3%
3	87	0.3%
4	61	0.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
23481	1	< 0.1%
21120	1	< 0.1%
19983	1	< 0.1%
19270	1	< 0.1%
18827	1	< 0.1%

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.

Phik (φk)

Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.

Cramér's V (φc)

Cramér's V is an association measure for nominal random variables. The coefficient ranges from 0 to 1, with 0 indicating independence and 1 indicating perfect association. The empirical estimators used for Cramér's V have been proved to be biased, even for large samples. We use a bias-corrected measure that has been proposed by Bergsma in 2013 that can be found here.

Count
Matrix

First rows

	ID	id_student	code_module	code_presentation	url	forumng	homepage	oucontent	subpage	resource	page	ouwiki	dataplus	externalquiz	quiz	glossary	oucollaborate	acumneg	acumg
0	1	6516	AAA	2014J	143	451	497	1505	143	31	0	0	21	0	0	0	0	256	2535
1	2	8462	DDD	2013J	23	36	184	64	227	70	0	18	0	12	0	0	12	81	565
2	3	8462	DDD	2014J	0	2	7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	10
3	4	11391	AAA	2013J	5	193	138	553	32	13	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	98	836
4	5	23629	BBB	2013B	0	87	36	0	5	2	0	0	0	0	31	0	0	14	147
5	6	23698	CCC	2014J	5	63	121	4	98	42	1	0	0	0	576	0	0	181	729
6	7	23798	BBB	2013J	56	145	169	44	47	21	0	0	0	0	104	1	3	6	584
7	8	24186	GGG	2014B	0	14	46	9	5	8	0	0	0	0	102	0	0	12	172
8	9	24213	DDD	2014B	26	778	325	262	427	51	0	88	0	9	0	0	26	3	1989
9	10	24391	GGG	2013J	0	62	130	357	23	18	0	0	0	0	120	2	0	0	712

Last rows

	ID	id_student	code_module	code_presentation	url	forumng	homepage	oucontent	subpage	resource	page	questionnaire	ouwiki	htmlactivity	dataplus	externalquiz	dualpane	quiz	glossary	oucollaborate	folder	acumneg	acumg
29218	29219	2697885	FFF	2014B	29	209	312	690	300	53	8	18	30	0	12	0	4	312	0	0	9	94	1892
29219	29220	2697921	FFF	2013J	23	298	282	855	177	38	6	0	6	0	0	0	1	628	0	4	1	73	2246
29220	29221	2697921	FFF	2014J	14	128	201	696	119	18	0	0	0	3	0	0	0	583	0	5	0	31	1736
29221	29222	2698125	FFF	2013J	4	54	79	262	90	15	4	0	17	0	0	0	0	712	0	0	6	14	1229
29222	29223	2698251	DDD	2014B	33	230	336	307	339	118	0	0	135	0	0	6	0	0	2	5	0	174	1337
29223	29224	2698257	AAA	2013J	5	201	165	331	44	12	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	24	734
29224	29225	2698535	CCC	2014B	6	309	98	6	52	23	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	292	0	0	0	28	758
29225	29226	2698535	EEE	2013J	90	1953	391	773	13	3	0	0	119	0	0	0	2	111	0	0	0	22	3433
29226	29227	2698577	BBB	2014J	4	103	204	253	38	38	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	72	0	5	0	0	717
29227	29228	2698588	BBB	2014J	2	67	171	233	76	49	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	7	0	0	605

Overview

Variables

Interactions

Correlations

Pearson's r

Spearman's ρ

Kendall's τ

Phik (φk)

Cramér's V (φc)

Missing values

Sample

First rows

Last rows